Galileo Galilei was an Italian physicist, mathematician, astronomer and philosopher who had a major role in the scientific revolution of the sixteenth century. He was the first to discover that the density of liquid changes as a result of increasing or decreasing temperatures.
The thermometer named after him is made up of a sealed glass cylinder. Inside there is a clear liquid and a series of bulbs. Each bulb has a weight attached to it. As the temperature changes, they rise and fall depending of a number of mathematical principles.
Yet the Galileo Thermometer has an aesthetic that goes beyond its function - it is a beautiful object in its own right.
(thanks Robert-John)
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