James Tilly Matthews (1770-1815) was a London tea broker who was committed to London's Bedlam psychiatric hospital in 1797. His case is considered to be the first documented of paranoid schizophrenia.
Matthews, a former peace activist of the Napoleonic Wars, believed that his mind was under the control of the 'Air Loom' - a terrifying machine whose mesmeric rays and mysterious gases were brainwashing politicians and plunging Europe into revolution, terror, and war.
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